Cattle separating structures

Depending on the capacity and the overall husbandry concept, boxed (for larger herds and cow groups) or open herd stalling (usually for lower capacities offering sufficient space per animal, possibly dry-standing cows), all may or may not be bedded (usually for the farrowing parts) or bedding-free. The stall partition system for open standing can also be used for cows without commercial milk production.